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Solutions and its Colligative Propeties | Download PDF |
Electrochemistry | Download PDF |
Chemical Kinetics | Download PDF |
Metallurgy | Download PDF |
P Block Elements | Download PDF |
D & F Block Elements | Download PDF |
Surface Chemistry | Download PDF |
Coordination Compounds | Download PDF |
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes | Download PDF |
Alcohols Phenols & Ethers | Download PDF |
Aldehyde Ketones & Carboxylic Acid | Download PDF |
Amines | Download PDF |
Biomolecules | Download PDF |
Polymers | Download PDF |
Chemistry in Everyday Life | Download PDF |
Solid State | Download PDF |
- Solutions and its Colligative Properties – Colligative properties of solutions are properties that depend upon the concentration of solute molecules or ions, but not upon the identity of the solute. Colligative properties include vapor pressure lowering, boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, and osmotic pressure.
- Electrochemistry – Electrochemistry is the branch of physical chemistry that studies the relationship between electricity, as a measurable and quantitative phenomenon, and identifiable chemical change, with either electricity considered an outcome of a particular chemical change or vice versa.
- Chemical Kinetics – Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the branch of physical chemistry that is concerned with understanding the rates of chemical reactions. It is to be contrasted with thermodynamics, which deals with the direction in which a process occurs but in itself tells nothing about its rate.
- Metallurgy – Metallurgy is a domain of materials science and engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their inter-metallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are called alloys. Metallurgy encompasses both the science and the technology of metals.
- P Block Elements – The p-block elements can be described on a group-by-group basis as: group 13, the icosagens; 14, the crystallogens; 15, the pnictogens; 16, the chalcogens; 17, the halogens; and 18, the helium group, composed of the noble gases (excluding helium) and oganesson.
- D & F Block Elements – The names transition metals and inner transition metals are often used to refer to the elements of d-and f-blocks respectively. … Zinc, cadmium and mercury of group 12 have full d10 configuration in their ground state as well as in their common oxidation states and hence, are not regarded as transition metals.
- Surface Chemistry – Surface science is the study of physical and chemical phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases, including solid–liquid interfaces, solid–gas interfaces, solid–vacuum interfaces, and liquid–gas interfaces. It includes the fields of surface chemistry and surface.
- Coordination Compounds – Coordination compounds are molecules that poses one or multiple metal centers that is bound to ligands (atoms, ions, or molecules that donate electrons to the metal). These complexes can be neutral or charged. When the complex is charged, it is stabilized by neighboring counter-ions.
- Haloalkanes and Haloarenes – Haloalkanes and haloarenes are the hydrocarbons in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced with halogen atoms. The primary difference between haloalkanes and haloarenes is that haloalkanes are derived from open-chain hydrocarbons (alkanes) whereas haloarenes are derived from aromatic hydrocarbons.
- Alcohols Phenols & Ethers – Classification Of Alcohol, Phenol and Ether. … Alcohol is formed when a saturated carbon atom is bonded to a hydroxyl (-OH) group. Phenol is formed when a hydrogen atom in a benzene molecule is replaced by the -OH group. Ether is formed when an oxygen atom is connected to two alkyl or aryl groups.
- Aldehyde Ketones & Carboxylic Acid -Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids are carbonyl compounds which contain a carbon-oxygen double bond. Organic compounds containing a carbon-oxygen double bond called the carboxyl group, which is one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry.
- Amines – Amines are organic compounds which contain and are often actually based on one or more atoms of nitrogen. Structurally amines resemble ammonia in that the nitrogen can bond up to three hydrogens, but amines also have additional properties based on their carbon connectivity.
- Biomolecules – Biomolecule, also called biological molecule, any of numerous substances that are produced by cells and living organisms. Biomolecules have a wide range of sizes and structures and perform a vast array of functions. The four major types of biomolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins.
- Polymers – Polymers are materials made of long, repeating chains of molecules. The materials have unique properties, depending on the type of molecules being bonded and how they are bonded. Some polymers bend and stretch, like rubber and polyester. Others are hard and tough, like epoxies and glass.
- Chemistry in Everyday Life – Chemistry is a big part of our everyday life. One can easily observe this branch of science in different spheres of human life such as in the food we eat, the air we breathe, the various cleansing agents we use, so much so that even human emotions are sometimes a result of chemical reactions within our body.
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