In Class 11 Final Exams there will be Case studies and Passage Based Questions will be asked, So practice these types of questions. Study Rate is always there to help you. Free PDF Download of CBSE Class 11 Biology Chapter 19 Case Study and Passage Based Questions with Answers were Prepared Based on Latest Exam Pattern. Students can solve NCERT Class 11 Biology Excretory Products and their Elimination to know their preparation level.

In CBSE Class 11 Biology Paper, There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage-based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked.

Excretory Products and their Elimination Case Study Questions With Answers

Here, we have provided case-based/passage-based questions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 19 Excretory Products and their Elimination

Case Study/Passage-Based Questions

Case Study 1:

In humans, the excretory system consists of a pair of kidneys, one pair of ureters, a urinary bladder and a urethra. Kidneys are reddish brown, bean shaped structures situated between the levels of last thoracic and third lumbar vertebra close to the dorsal inner wall of the abdominal cavity. Each kidney of an adult human measures 10-12 cm in length, 5-7 cm in width, 2-3 cm in thickness with an average weight of 120- 170 g. towards the centre of the inner concave surface of the kidney is a notch called hilum through which ureter, blood vessels and nerves enter. Inner to the hilum is a broad funnel shaped space called the renal pelvis with projections called calyces. The outer layer of kidney is a tough capsule. Inside the kidney, there are two zones, an outer cortex and an inner medulla. The medulla is divided into a few conical masses (medullary pyramids) projecting into the calyces. The cortex extends in between the medullary pyramids as renal columns called Columns of Bertini.

Each kidney has nearly one million complex tubular structures called nephrons, which are the functional units. Each nephron has two parts – the glomerulus and the renal tubule. Glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries formed by the afferent arteriole – a fine branch of renal artery. Blood from the glomerulus is carried away by an efferent arteriole.

The renal tubule begins with a double walled cup-like structure called Bowman’s capsule, which encloses the glomerulus. Glomerulus alongwith Bowman’s capsule, is called the Malpighian body or renal corpuscle. The tubule continues further to form a highly coiled network – proximal convoluted tubule (PCT). A hairpin shaped Henle’s loop is the next part of the tubule which has a descending and an ascending limb. The ascending limb continues as another highly coiled tubular region called distal convoluted tubule (DCT). The DCTs of many nephrons open into a straight tube called collecting duct, many of which converge and open into the renal pelvis through medullary pyramids in the calyces.

The Malpighian corpuscle, PCT and DCT of the nephron are situated in the cortical region of the kidney whereas the loop of Henle dips into the medulla. In majority of nephrons, the loop of Henle is too short and extends only very little into the medulla. Such nephrons are called cortical nephrons. In some of the nephrons, the loop of Henle is very long and runs deep into the medulla. These nephrons are called juxta medullary nephrons.

The efferent arteriole emerging from the glomerulus forms a fine capillary network around the renal tubule called the peritubular capillaries. A minute vessel of this network runs parallel to the Henle’s loop forming a ‘U’ shaped vasa recta. Vasa recta is absent or highly reduced in cortical nephrons.

1.) Inner side to the hilum is a broad funnel shaped cavity space is present, is known as___________

• a) Renal pelvic
• b) Renal pelvis
• c) Renal tubule

Ans:b) Renal pelvis

2.) Blood from turf of capillaries is carried away by ____________

• a) Afferent arteriole
• b) Branch of renal artery
• c) Efferent arteriole
• d) None of the above

Ans:c) Efferent arteriole

3.) How Glomerulus formed?

Ans:Glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries. Glomerulus are formed by a very fine branch of renal artery i.e. afferent arteriole.

4.) What are cortical nephrons?

Ans:Nephrons in which the loop of Henle is too short and extends only very little into the medulla, such nephrons are named as cortical nephrons.

5.) What is juxta medullary nephrons?

Ans: Nephrons in which the loop of Henle is very long and runs deep into the medulla. These nephrons are called juxta medullary nephrons.

---

Hope the information shed above regarding Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 19 Excretory Products and their Elimination with Answers Pdf free download has been useful to an extent. If you have any other queries about CBSE Class 11 Biology Excretory Products and their Elimination Case Study and Passage Based Questions with Answers, feel free to comment below so that we can revert back to us at the earliest possible.
By Team Study Rate