In Class 12 Boards there will be Case studies and Passage Based Questions will be asked, So practice these types of questions. Study Rate is always there to help you. Free PDF Download of CBSE Class 12 Biology Chapter 12 Biotechnology and its Applications Case Study and Passage Based Questions with Answers were Prepared Based on the Latest Exam Pattern. Students can solve NCERT Class 12 Biology Case Study Questions Biotechnology and its Applications to know their preparation level.
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In CBSE Class 12 Biology Paper, There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage-based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked.
Biotechnology and its Applications Case Study Questions With Answers
Here, we have provided case-based/passage-based questions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 12 Biotechnology and its Applications
Case Study/Passage-Based Questions
Case Study 1: Insulin used to cure diabetes was earlier extracted from the pancreas of slaughtered cattle and pigs. Insulin extracted from an animal source, though caused some patients to develop allergies or other types of reactions to the foreign protein. Human insulin consists of two short polypeptide chains: chain A and chain B, that are linked together by disulfide bridges. In mammals including humans, insulin is synthesized as a pro-hormone which contains an extra stretch called the C-peptide. This C peptide is not present in mature insulin and is removed during maturation into insulin.
Identify A in the given figure
(a) Polypeptide chain A
(b) Polypeptide chain B
(c) Polypeptide chain C
(d) None of these
Answer: (c) Polypeptide chain C
The following is a list of some stages involved in producing human insulin from genetically engineered bacteria.
- The bacteria are cultured in a fermenter for large scale production.
- Recombinant insulin is extracted from the bacterial cells that expresses insulin gene.
- The same restriction enzyme is used again to cut the bacterial plasmid for insertion of the human insulin gene.
- Bacteria take up the plasmid carrying the insulin gene.
- A restriction enzyme is used to cut human DNA to extract the insulin gene.
Select the correct order of these stages.
(a) 1, 5, 3, 4, 2 (b) 2, 4, 3, 5, 1
(c) 4, 5, 3, 2, 1 (d) 5, 3, 4, 1, 2
Answer: (d) 5, 3, 4, 1, 2
To insert the insulin gene into bacterial DNA, both the bacterial plasmid and the human chromosome containing the insulin gene are treated with the same restriction enzyme. Using the same restriction enzyme ensures that
(a) DNA ligase is able to join the segments of human and bacterial DNA
(b) the exact length of nucleotides matching the insulin gene is removed from the plasmid
(c) both the bacterial and human DNA will contain sticky ends
(d) sticky ends in the cut plasmid and insulin gene are complementary.
Answer: (d) sticky ends in the cut plasmid and insulin gene are complementary.
Why is the fermentor important for the production of human insulin by transgenic bacteria?
(a) It provides optimal conditions for the transgenic to multiply rapidly.
(b) It facilitates the extraction and purification of insulin from transgenic bacteria.
(c) It maximizes the rate of fermentation of transgenic bacteria.
(d) It provides the low-oxygen conditions that are important for insulin production.
Answer: (a) It provides optimal conditions for the transgenic to multiply rapidly.
A bacteriologist carries out his first attempt at engineering E.coli with the gene for human insulin. During the process, he realizes that his stock of DNA ligase has depleted but decides to continue anyway. What is a likely consequence of his decision?
(a) Bacteria with the rDNA will not be able to form colonies in a fermenter.
(b) The resulting plasmids are not able to enter the E.coli bacteria even after applying heat shock.
(c) The resulting E.coli bacteria do not contain the human insulin gene.
(d) The bacterial plasmids do not have sticky ends and are unable to accommodate the human gene.
Answer: (c) The resulting E.coli bacteria do not contain the human insulin gene.
Case Study/Passage-Based Questions
Case Study 2: Transgenic cows have extra genes or genes inserted into their DNA. Firstly the genes for the desired product are identified and sequenced. Then a gene construct containing this desired gene is introduced into female cow cells. Transgenic bovine cells are selected and fused with bovine oocytes that have had all of their chromosomes removed. Once fused with the oocyte, the transgenic cell chromosomes are reprogrammed to direct development which can be implanted into a recipient cow. The resulting transgenic cow only expresses the transgene in her milk. This is because the expression of the transgene is controlled by a promoter specific to lactating mammary cells.
The gene construct with the desired gene is introduced into female cow cells by
(a) transformation (b) transduction
(c) transfection (d) transplantation.
Answer: (c) transfection
The production of transgenic cow fulfill the objective of
(a) increased milk production
(b) increased meat production
(c) molecular farming
(d) all of these
Answer: (d) all of these
The name of the first transgenic cow is
(a) Tracy (b) Dolly
(c) Rosie (d) ANDI.
Answer: (c) Rosie
The transgenic cow is produced through the implantation of __ containing transgene into the recipient cow.
(a) ova (b) embryo
(c) mammary cell (d) both (a) and (b)
Answer: (b) embryo
Case Study 3: Golden rice was engineered from normal rice by Potrykus and Beyer in the 1990s. The typical golden color is due to the production of β carotene a precursor of vitamin – A. Golden rice differs from its parental strain by the addition of three β carotene genes. These included two genes from daffodil plant and third from a bacterium. The incorporation of these genes allows the rice plant to modify certain metabolic pathways in its cells to produce β–carotene.
(i) Due to genetic modification golden rice plants produce and store β – carotene in
| (a) stem | (b) seed | (c) leaves | (d) all of these |
Answer: (b) seed
(ii) Transfer of genes to produce golden rice is achieved by
| (a) Agrobacterium | (b) pBR322 | (c) λ -phage – | (d) gene gun |
Answer: (a) Agrobacterium
(iii) In golden rice two genes were taken from
| (a) Narcissus sp. | (b) Erwinia | (c) Coryza sativa | (d) none of these |
Answer: (a) Narcissus sp.
(iv) Golden rice is helpful to fight against diseases caused by the deficiency of
| (a) Vitamin Bl2 | (b) Vitamin C | (c) Vitamin A | (d) Vitamin D. |
Answer: (c) Vitamin A
(v) Golden rice was genetically engineered by
| (a) Fire and Mello | (b) Potrykus and Beyer | (c) Banting and Best | (d) Kohler and Milstein |
Answer: (b) Potrykus and Beyer
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