Here we will provide you the 50+ MCQ Questions of Molecular Basis of Inheritance for NEET-UG. Molecular Basis of Inheritance is the second chapter in Class XII or Class 12 Biology NCERT Unit Molecular Basis of Inheritance NEET (conducted by NTA) is based on the NCERT book.
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Molecular Basis of Inheritance NEET MCQ
Which of the following is NOT a nucleotide base present in DNA?
a) Adenine
b) Guanine
c) Thymine
d) Uracil
Answer: AAnswer: d) Uracil
What is the correct sequence of events in DNA replication?
a) Helicase unwinds the DNA, primase adds RNA primers, DNA polymerase adds nucleotides, ligase joins Okazaki fragments
b) DNA polymerase adds nucleotides, helicase unwinds the DNA, primase adds RNA primers, ligase joins Okazaki fragments
c) Primase adds RNA primers, helicase unwinds the DNA, DNA polymerase adds nucleotides, ligase joins Okazaki fragments
d) Helicase unwinds the DNA, DNA polymerase adds nucleotides, primase adds RNA primers, ligase joins Okazaki fragments
Answer: Answer: d) Helicase unwinds the DNA, DNA polymerase adds nucleotides, primase adds RNA primers, ligase joins Okazaki fragments
Which enzyme is responsible for separating the two strands of DNA during replication?
a) DNA polymerase
b) Helicase
c) Primase
d) Ligase
Answer: Answer: b) Helicase
Which of the following is a type of point mutation?
a) Deletion
b) Duplication
c) Inversion
d) All of the above
Answer:Answer: d) All of the above
What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
a) DNA is transcribed into RNA which is translated into protein
b) RNA is transcribed into DNA which is translated into protein
c) Protein is transcribed into DNA which is translated into RNA
d) Protein is transcribed into RNA which is translated into DNA
Answer:Answer: a) DNA is transcribed into RNA which is translated into protein
Which of the following is NOT a type of RNA?
a) Messenger RNA (mRNA)
b) Transfer RNA (tRNA)
c) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
d) Deoxyribonucleic acid RNA (DNA RNA)
Answer: Answer: d) Deoxyribonucleic acid RNA (DNA RNA)
What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?
a) To carry the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome
b) To act as a template for the synthesis of a new strand of DNA
c) To bring amino acids to the ribosome for incorporation into a growing protein chain
d) To catalyze the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids
Answer: Answer: c) To bring amino acids to the ribosome for incorporation into a growing protein chain
What is the function of the promoter region in DNA?
a) To initiate DNA replication
b) To initiate transcription of the DNA into RNA
c) To splice RNA transcripts
d) To terminate transcription of the DNA into RNA
Answer: Answer: b) To initiate transcription of the DNA into RNA
What is the function of the ribosome in protein synthesis?
a) To carry amino acids to the ribosome
b) To synthesize RNA
c) To catalyze the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids
d) To transport proteins out of the cell
Answer:Answer: c) To catalyze the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids
Which of the following is an example of a frameshift mutation?
a) A substitution of one nucleotide base for another
b) A deletion of one nucleotide base
c) An insertion of one nucleotide base
d) A and B
Answer:Answer: c) An insertion of one nucleotide base
Which of the following is true regarding DNA replication in eukaryotic cells?
a) Replication occurs in the cytoplasm
b) Replication occurs only once during the cell cycle
c) Replication occurs bidirectionally from a single origin
d) Replication occurs in the same direction as transcription
Answer: Answer: c) Replication occurs bidirectionally from a single origin
Which of the following enzymes is involved in removing RNA primers and replacing them with DNA during DNA replication?
a) Primase
b) Helicase
c) DNA polymerase I
d) DNA ligase
Answer: Answer: c) DNA polymerase I
Which of the following DNA repair mechanisms corrects errors that occur during DNA replication?
a) Base excision repair
b) Mismatch repair
c) Nucleotide excision repair
d) Transcription-coupled repair
Answer: Answer: b) Mismatch repair
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the genetic code?
a) It is redundant
b) It is universal
c) It is non-overlapping
d) It is ambiguous
Answer:Answer: d) It is ambiguous
Which of the following is NOT a type of chromosomal mutation?
a) Deletion
b) Inversion
c) Replication
d) Translocation
Answer: Answer: c) Replication
What is the function of DNA ligase in DNA replication?
a) To unwind the DNA double helix
b) To synthesize new strands of DNA
c) To join Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand
d) To proofread the newly synthesized DNA strands
Answer: Answer: c) To join Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand
Which of the following is true regarding transcription in prokaryotic cells?
a) Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm
b) Transcription occurs in the nucleus
c) Transcription occurs bidirectionally from a single origin
d) Transcription occurs in the same direction as replication
Answer:Answer: c) Transcription occurs bidirectionally from a single origin
What is the role of RNA polymerase in transcription?
a) To unwind the DNA double helix
b) To synthesize new strands of DNA
c) To synthesize a complementary RNA strand from a DNA template
d) To proofread the newly synthesized RNA strand
Answer: Answer: c) To synthesize a complementary RNA strand from a DNA template
Which of the following is a post-transcriptional modification of mRNA in eukaryotic cells?
a) Splicing
b) Translation
c) Replication
d) Transcription
Answer: Answer: a) Splicing
Which of the following is an example of a transposable element?
a) DNA polymerase
b) Ribosome
c) Telomerase
d) Transposon
Answer:Answer: d) Transposon
Which of the following enzymes is responsible for relaxing the DNA helix during transcription?
a) RNA polymerase
b) Helicase
c) DNA polymerase
d) Topoisomerase
Answer: Answer: d) Topoisomerase
Which of the following is a post-translational modification of a protein?
a) Splicing
b) Phosphorylation
c) Transcription
d) Translation
Answer: Answer: b) Phosphorylation
Which of the following is true regarding RNA processing in eukaryotic cells?
a) All exons are spliced out to produce mature mRNA
b) Only introns are spliced out to produce mature mRNA
c) Both exons and introns are spliced out to produce mature mRNA
d) RNA processing does not occur in eukaryotic cells
Answer:Answer: b) Only introns are spliced out to produce mature mRNA
Which of the following is a role of tRNA in translation?
a) To bind to the ribosome
b) To carry amino acids to the ribosome
c) To synthesize new strands of RNA
d) To proofread the newly synthesized protein
Answer:Answer: b) To carry amino acids to the ribosome
Which of the following is NOT a step in the central dogma of molecular biology?
a) DNA replication
b) RNA processing
c) Translation
d) Reverse transcription
Answer:Answer: d) Reverse transcription
Which of the following is a type of point mutation?
a) Deletion
b) Inversion
c) Translocation
d) Substitution
Answer: Answer: d) Substitution
Which of the following is true regarding the genetic code?
a) It is different for different organisms
b) It is not degenerate
c) It is composed of three-base codons
d) It is not affected by mutations
Answer: Answer: c) It is composed of three-base codons
Which of the following is true regarding the lac operon in E. coli?
a) It is always turned on
b) It is always turned off
c) It is inducible by lactose
d) It is repressible by lactose
Answer: Answer: c) It is inducible by lactose
Which of the following is true regarding RNA interference (RNAi)?
a) It is a type of transcription factor
b) It involves the degradation of mRNA
c) It involves the synthesis of new mRNA
d) It is only found in prokaryotic cells
Answer:Answer: b) It involves the degradation of mRNA
Which of the following is a technique used to study gene expression on a large scale?
a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b) Southern blotting
c) Microarray analysis
d) Gel electrophoresis
Answer: Answer: c) Microarray analysis
We hope there NEET MCQ of Class 12 Chapter 6 Molecular Basis of Inheritance will help you to score an excellent rank in NEET-UG. If you have any queries feel free to write in the comments section. We at Study Rate are always ready to serve our students.
